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Influenza A virus subtype
EceKat
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This article is semi-protected due to vandalism.
For the
EceKat/09 virus strain responsible for the 2009 flu pandemic, see Pandemic
EceKat/09 virus. For the current pandemic of Influenza A(
EceKat), see 2009 flu pandemic. For the 1918 pandemic of Influenza A(
EceKat), see 1918 flu pandemic.
Influenza (flu)
Flu und legende color c.jpg
* 2009 flu pandemic (Swine flu)
* Virus
* Avian influenza
* Swine influenza
* Flu season
* Research
* Vaccine
* Treatment
* A/H5N1 subtype
* A/
EceKat subtype
* Pandemic
Influenza A (
EceKat) virus is a subtype of influenza A virus and the most common cause of influenza (flu) in humans. Some strains of
EceKat are endemic in humans and cause a small fraction of all influenza-like illness and a small fraction of all seasonal influenza.
EceKat strains caused a few percent all human flu infections in 2004-2005[1]. Other strains of
EceKat are endemic in pigs (swine influenza) and in birds (avian influenza).
In June 2009, World Health Organization declared that flu due to a new strain of swine-origin
EceKat was responsible for the 2009 flu pandemic. This strain is often called swine flu by the public media.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Swine Influenza
* 2
Spanish flu
* 3 Fort Dix outbreak
* 4 Russian flu
* 5 2009 A(
EceKat) pandemic
* 6 See also
* 7 Notes
* 8 External links
o 8.1 Nontechnical
o 8.2 Technical
Swine Influenza
Swine influenza (also called swine flu, hog flu, or pig flu) is an infection by any one of several types of swine influenza virus. Swine influenza virus (SIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs. As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as
EceKat, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.
Swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations worldwide. Transmission of the virus from pigs to humans is not common and does not always lead to human influenza, often resulting only in the production of antibodies in the blood. If transmission does cause human influenza, it is called zoonotic swine flu. People with regular exposure to pigs are at increased risk of swine flu infection. The meat of an infected animal poses no risk of infection when properly cooked.
During the mid-20th century, identification of influenza subtypes became possible, allowing accurate diagnosis of transmission to humans. Since then, only 50 such transmissions have been confirmed. These strains of swine flu rarely pass from human to human. Symptoms of zoonotic swine flu in humans are similar to those of influenza and of influenza-like illness in general, namely chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness and general discomfort. The recommended time of isolation is about five days.
Spanish flu
Main article: 1918 flu pandemic
The
Spanish flu, also known as La Gripe Española, or La Pesadilla, was an unusually severe and deadly strain of avian influenza, a viral infectious disease, that killed some 50 to 100 million people worldwide over about a year in 1918 and 1919. It is thought to be one of the most deadly pandemics in human history.
The 1918 flu caused an unusual number of deaths, possibly due to it causing a cytokine storm in the body.[2][3] (The current H5N1 bird flu, also an Influenza A virus, has a similar effect.)[4] The
Spanish flu virus infected lung cells, leading to overstimulation of the immune system via release of cytokines into the lung tissue. This leads to extensive leukocyte migration towards the lungs, causing destruction of lung tissue and secretion of liquid into the organ. This makes it difficult for the patient to breathe. In contrast to other pandemics, which mostly kill the old and the very young, the 1918 pandemic killed unusual numbers of young adults, which may have been due to their healthy immune systems mounting a too-strong and damaging response to the infection.[5]
The term "
Spanish" flu was coined because Spain was at the time the only European country where the press were printing reports of the outbreak, which had killed thousands in the armies fighting World War I. Other countries suppressed the news in order to protect morale.[6]
Fort Dix outbreak
Main article: 1976 swine flu outbreak
See also
* Fujian flu
* 2009 A/
EceKat