Very interesting discussion. This is a fascinating subject to me, as over in Whedonville ever since SS stopped the Buffy/Angel lines the subject of custom figures to fill out the line crops up regularly, but never seems to get anywhere.
It strikes me what variety of experience and professionalism each individual has. Having been in this hobby for 15 years (GI Joe/Dragon basher), it seems a fairly recent phenomenon that there are bona fide pros who do custom work either moonlighting to a day job for the major toy companies or as their main gig to support themselves and their family, where working commissions comprise a significant portion of their income. Most folks (myself included) are hobbyists. This can even include professional artists who visit the boards purely because they are fans of a franchise
In my case, I am pretty much a pure hobbyist where I get a big kick out of customizing my figures, so making heads and repainting figures is purely a leisure thing for me. What with figures coming out of the box at $150 nowadays, the hobby is more and more a rich person’s pastime, and spending $70 for sculpting materials and another $100+ for paints is not unusual. My day job (and not having kids) allows me to afford these with little to no pain. Therefore, the only way I’ve ever handled my custom projects is as a hobbyist--to work on things first and foremost for myself—the licenses I like, the characters I want. Depending on my mood, how tired I am after work, if I have the materials I need, I can work on a headsculpt for years, no joke. However, I am motivated to finish sooner rather than later by wanting to share with other fans. It’s an ego thing to post a head and say, “I made this!” If they come out good enough, I can make copies for sale and perhaps recoup some of the cost for the base materials. If not, I will still have my sense of accomplishment. Regardless, the free market works.
On the other side of the spectrum are the pros. If you’re going to market your talent and services as a customizer, that is a very specific type of relationship you are creating with the other board member(s). You really need a good business and operating model, particularly if you are going to work on commission as opposed to piece-work. You have to have transparency with your customers, not treat them as fellow fans because there’s no legal contract with official boilerplate etc. That’s only fair to your customers to be professional and treat it as a business, even if you’re moonlighting to your day job.
I think where a lot of customizers get into trouble is when they begin as hobbyists and try to transition into professionals. This is especially hard when it’s not a matter of choice. You come across hard times, you need money, so you pimp your talent, so to speak. You accept prepayment, then you’re working on someone else’s schedule and to their tastes and demands. What was once fun becomes a chore. This seems to be the case for both painters and sculptors who accept commissions, though painters have an advantage in that they mostly seem to do piece-work and can accept the head and get to work. Sculpting is a little different. In these situations, you are probably not sitting on a cash reserve creating product to sell to be paid later. To me that would stll be the ideal way to operate a headsculpt—fund your project yourself, then set your price for ready-to-deliver product. If the end product is good and in demand, you can make some serious coin.
Regardless of where you come from the hobby into the position of selling your services, if you are going to accept/offer a commission project, I as a customer would only consider participating on a deposit > progress updates > balance paid > delivery system. I think a 15% non-refundable deposit would be fair to both customer and artist. It would give the artist some start-up capital if necessary to kick-start a project, plus incentive to finish. If the project fails, the customer isn't out too much, and can cross the artist off his/her list of future commissions.
Finally, if you are strictly a customer, it is insightful to know what the costs are to create customs. These are typical costs at my local Pearl and hobby stores:
Sculpting:
Super Sculpey - $15 (recurring, approximately 6 1:6 heads)
Toaster oven - $50+ (one time, because you don’t want to cure Sculpey in the same oven you eat out of
RTV rubber kit - $40 (recurring, approximately 6 2-part head molds)
Resin kit - $35 (recurring, approximately 20 1:6 heads)
Typically, I will put around 10-20 hours into one draft of a head. This is obviously a very individual statistic.
Painting:
Brushes – a good quality brush can run over $7 a piece. You need several of these, as well as the cheapies.
Paints – a bottle of model paint such as Testor Model Master acryls will run $5 for a small jar. Cheaper bottles of varying quality are usually $2 for 4 oz.
A typical head paint job can easily take 10 or more shades and take me an hour or two to final coat.
Obviously, depending on what materials you use (craft-quality versus professional-quality), how quickly you work, other items you need to finish a project, etc., the costs can vary.